Classifications of Jiroft Style (2800-2200 B.C)
There were different types of objects discovered and collected in Jiroft in terms of manufacturing technique, decorative motifs, shapes and material. Also, it is undetected two objects with identical features, we may find similar artefact nonetheless but not the same in terms of manufacturing techniques such as crafting and styling of stone. The artefact should be grouped in terms of quality, style, and crafts, so no appropriate testing has been done on material. There are many artefacts collected and also a few studies suggested that each manufacturer could apply several techniques. For these reasons, one object picked an example for each group of classification. The framed below only represents the main categories for each object and there can be sub-categories based on their quality and the material they used. The subcategories are currently in progress. The calcifications are divided into four main categories and it can be any form of sizes and scales. [PW]
Centred Frame
- Divided by line(s) at top and other line(s) at bottom.
- The motif framed in middle.
- This technique is not only limited to vases.
- They are in different scales and sizes.
This object's style and material is very similar to one in Louvre Museum and one in National Museum of Iran. There are few artefacts with same quality and pattern identified with different motifs.
These kind of artefact along with other similar objects are probably manufactured in same region within the same period of times. [PW]
Semi Centred Frame
- Divided by line(s) on top.
- The frame is beneath the lines.
- This technique is not only limited to vases.
- They are in different scales and sizes.
There are few objects found in Madjidzadeh’s catalogue similar to this. [PW]
Multi Frame
- Divided by line(s), there can be more than two frames.
- This technique is not only limited to vases.
- They are in different scales and sizes.
One of the many artefact from Madjidzadeh’s catalogue. This is almost similar to the artefact in University of Pennsylvania Museum (gallery 403) but with different size and shape. [PW]
Full Frame
- There is no line on object.
- Just full frame motif.
- This technique is not only limited to vases.
- They are in different scales and sizes.
- The design is from end to end.
There are several objects with this type of design that can be identified in Madjidzadeh's catalogue and some applied with some inlayed gem stones. This object is similar motif to Madjidzadeh’s catalogue however in different artistic style not an exact copy. With inlaid gem/white marble stones on eyes. [PW]
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References
*PW - Persian Wonders (based on our conclusion and study)- 1. Majidzadeh, Yousef. "The Land of Aratta." Journal of Near Eastern Studies 35, no. 2 (1976): 105-13. Accessed August 10, 2020. www.jstor.org/stable/545195.
- 2. The British Museum. 2020. collection. [ONLINE] Available at: https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/W_1936-1217-2. [Accessed 10 August 2020].
- 3. Madjidzadeh, Youssef & Pittman, Holly. (2008). Excavations at Konar Sandal in the region of Jiroft in the Halil basin: First preliminary report (2002-2008). Iran. 46. 69-103. 10.2307/25651436.
- 4. Geoffrey,B. Olivier,J. Youssef,M. ARTE France.; Gedeon Programmes. Special Broadcasting Service Corporation. SBS-TV. (2005). Unearthing the lost kingdom of Aratta. [Video file]. Retrieved from https://www.terranoa.com/product/product.php?code=125
- 5. Majidzadeh, Yousef. "The Land of Aratta." Journal of Near Eastern Studies 35, no. 2 (1976): 105-13. Accessed August 10, 2020. www.jstor.org/stable/545195.
- 6. Francfort H.-P., Tremblay X. Marhaši et la civilisation de l'Oxus // Iranica Antiqua, vol. XLV (2010), pp. 51–224. doi: 10.2143/IA.45.0.2047119.
- 7. Madjidzadeh, Youssef & Pittman, Holly. (2008). Excavations at Konar Sandal in the region of Jiroft in the Halil basin: First preliminary report (2002-2008). Iran. 46. 69-103. 10.2307/25651436.
- 8. Desset, Francois. (2014). A new writing system discovered in 3rd millennium bce iran: The konar sandal 'geometric' tablets. Iranica Antiqua. 49. 83-109. 10.2143/IA.49.0.3009239.
- 9. Geoffrey,B. Olivier,J. Youssef,M. ARTE France.; Gedeon Programmes. Special Broadcasting Service Corporation. SBS-TV. (2005). Unearthing the lost kingdom of Aratta. [Video file]. Retrieved from https://www.terranoa.com/product/product.php?code=125
- 10. Geoffrey,B. Olivier,J. Youssef,M. ARTE France.; Gedeon Programmes. Special Broadcasting Service Corporation. SBS-TV. (2005). Unearthing the lost kingdom of Aratta. [Video file]. Retrieved from https://www.terranoa.com/product/product.php?code=125
- 11. Curtis, J. Finkel,I (Ed.). (2013). The Cyrus Cylinder: The Great Persian Edict from Babylon.
- 12. Curtis, J. (2013). The Cyrus Cylinder and Ancient Persia: A New Beginning for the Middle East.
- 13. Farzin, R. (2007). Iran: Seven Faces of Civilization.